Prokaryotic are Eukaryotic Cells

A cell is the structural and functional unit of all living beings. All cells have three basic parts.

  1. Cell membrane which limits the cell and gives it shape.

  2. DNA which may be contained in a nucleus.

  3. Fluid called cytoplasm filling in the space within the cell.

Whether DNA of the cell lies in the cytoplasm or is enclosed within a nuclear membrane, cells are termed prokaryotic or eukaryotic.

Prokaryotic Cell

Pro - before; karyon - nucleus

These cells do not have a well-organized nucleus. The genetic material is a single molecule of DNA lying in the cytoplasm. Cell organelles like mitochondria, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplast, nucleolus, etc. are also not present in prokaryotic cells. Examples: Bacteria and blue-green algae.

Eukaryotic Cell

Eu - true; karyon - nucleus

DNA is enclosed in a nuclear membrane forming a nucleus. The genetic material is made of two or more DNA molecules, which are present as a network of chromatin fibres when the cell is not dividing. Membrane-bound organelles, such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, chloroplast, nucleolus, etc. are present within the cytoplasm. Examples: Cells of plants, fungi, protozoa and animals.