Himalayan Forest
These forests are mainly found in the mountainous region of the Himalayas. The decreasing in temperature and increasing in altitude lead to varied types of vegetation depending upon the factors like slope of the mountain and sunrays receiving side.
Areas with relatively low altitude up to 1000 meters, warm climate and good amount of rainfall are characterized by dense vegetation cover. These areas look like tropical forest. Sal and Bamboo are main species in these areas. Between the elevation of 1000 to 2000 meters evergreen broad leave Oak and Chestnut are the common speciesfound in these forests.
In eastern Himalayas the same elevation is occupied by sub tropical Pine forests. Chir is common species found in this part. Moist temperate forest in Himalayas are found between the elevation 1500 to 3500 meters which receives annual rainfall in the range of 100 to 250 cm. Oak, laurel, chestnut, cedar, Silver, Fir, spruce rhododendron and deodarare the main species found in this part of Himalayas. They have been widely exploited for their timber.
Alpine forest found in Himalayas at the height of between 3000 to 3800 m with large and extensive highland grassland and sparsely distributed pine, birch, sliver, fir and rhododendron trees.