Factors Promoting National Integration
Although challenges do exist, there are certain important factors that provide sound base for national integration.
1. Constitutional Provisions
The Indian Constitution has made provisions for promoting and ensuring national integration. It has accepted socialism, secularism, democracy, liberty, equality, justice and fraternity as the goals of Indian political system. Citizens have been empowered with fundamental rights and their fundamental duties have also been prescribed. The Directive Principles of State Policy directs the State to promote equitable economic development, eliminate social discrimination, and promotion of international peace and security. The provisions related to various institutions and processes have been geared towards national integration.
2. Governmental Initiatives
The governments have also been making efforts to promote national integration. A National Integration Council has been set up to consider issues related to national integration and recommend suitable measures to be taken. A Single Planning Commission prepares plans for economic development of the entire country and one Election Commission conducts elections.
3. National Festivals and Symbols
National festivals also act as an important unifying force. Independence Day, Republic Day, and Gandhi Jayanti are festivals that are celebrated by all Indians and in all parts of the country, regardless of language, religion or culture. National Integration Day is observed on 19 November every year. This day is also known as Qaumi Ekta Divas.
Moreover, National Symbols like the National Flag, the National Anthem, and the National Emblem also help to remind that all have one identity. These act as strong unifying forces both in times of celebration and adversity.
4. All India Services and Other Factors
The All Indian Services (IAS, IFS, IPS and others), unified judicial system, postal and communications networks, including radio and television, and the internet promote the unity and integrity of the Indian nation. The members of the All India Services are recruited centrally, but they work in States. Many of them, after having long experiences at the state level come to work in the Central government and be a part of policy decision-making for the entire country.