Physical Chemistry

Physical Chemistry is the branch of chemistry concerned with the application of the techniques and theories of physics to the study of chemical systems.

1. Stoichiometry

  1. Mole Concept and Avogadro's Constant
  2. Mole, Mass and Number Relationship
  3. Molecular and Empirical Formula
  4. Formula Stoichiometry
  5. Chemical Equation and Reaction Stoichiometry

2. Atomic Structure

  1. Fundamental Particles of Atom
  2. Thomson's Atomic Model
  3. Rutherford’s Gold Foil Experiment
  4. Bohr’s Atomic Model
  5. Line Spectrum of Hydrogen Atom
  6. Wave - Particle Duality
  7. Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle
  8. Wave Mechanical Model of Atom
  9. Significance of Quantum Numbers
  10. Shapes of Orbitals
  11. Electronic Configuration of Elements

3. Chemical Bonding

  1. Chemical Bond
  2. Ionic or Electrovalent Bond
  3. Covalent Bond
  4. Polar Covalent Bond
  5. Hydrogen Bonding
  6. VSEPR Theory
  7. Valence Bond Theory
  8. Hybridization of Orbitals
  9. Molecular Orbital Theory

4. Gaseous State

  1. Three States of Matter
  2. Gas Laws
  3. Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases
  4. Distribution of Molecular Speeds
  5. Deviation From Ideal Gas Behavior
  6. Liquefaction of Gases

5. Liquid State

  1. Properties of Liquids
  2. Vapor Pressure and Boiling Point
  3. Surface Tension
  4. Viscosity

6. Solid State

  1. Classification of Solids
  2. Close Packed Structures of Solids
  3. Crystal Lattices and Unit Cells
  4. Cubic Unit Cells
  5. Structures of Ionic Solids
  6. Defects in Ionic Crystals

7. Solutions

  1. Components of Solution
  2. Concentration of Solution
  3. Types of Solutions
  4. Vapour Pressure
  5. Raoult’s Law for Solutions
  6. Ideal and Non-Ideal Solutions
  7. Colligative Properties
  8. Abnormal Colligative Properties

8. Colloids

  1. True Solution, Colloidal Solution and Suspension
  2. Phases of Colloidal Solution
  3. Classification of Colloids
  4. Preparation of Colloidal Solutions
  5. Purification of Colloidal Solution
  6. Properties of Colloids
  7. Applications of Colloidal Solutions
  8. Emulsion and Gel

9. Chemical Thermodynamics

  1. System and Surrounding
  2. State and Properties of a System
  3. Types of Processes
  4. Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
  5. Thermochemical Equations
  6. First Law of Thermodynamics
  7. Enthalpy
  8. Standard Enthalpy of Reactions
  9. Laws of Thermochemistry
  10. Bond Enthalpies
  11. Spontaneous and Non-spontaneous Processes
  12. Entropy
  13. Second Law of Thermodynamics
  14. Entropy Change in Phase Transitions
  15. Absolute Entropy
  16. Gibbs Energy and Spontaneity
  17. Standard Gibbs Energy Change

10. Chemical Equilibrium

  1. Static and Dynamic Equilibrium
  2. Reversible and Irreversible Reactions
  3. Characteristics of Equilibrium State
  4. Equilibrium in Physical Processes
  5. Equilibrium in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Systems
  6. Concentration Equilibrium Constant
  7. Pressure Equilibrium Constant
  8. Relation between Kp and Kc
  9. Characteristics of Equilibrium Constant
  10. Factors Affecting Equilibrium State

11. Ionic Equilibrium

  1. Arrhenius Concept of Acids and Bases
  2. Brønsted and Lowry Concept of Acids and Bases
  3. Lewis Concept of Acids and Bases
  4. Relative Strength of Acids and Bases
  5. Ionization of Weak Acids
  6. Ionization of Weak Bases
  7. Degree of Ionization or Degree of Dissociation
  8. Auto-Ionization or Self-Ionization of Water
  9. Acidic, Basic and Neutral Solutions
  10. pH Scale
  11. Buffer Solutions
  12. Salt Hydrolysis
  13. Solubility Equilibrium

12. Electro Chemistry

  1. Oxidation and Reduction
  2. Oxidation Number
  3. Balancing Redox Reaction
  4. Electrolytic Conduction
  5. Factors Affecting Conductivity
  6. Kohlrausch’s Law
  7. Electro Chemical Cell
  8. Electrolytic Cell
  9. Galvanic Cell
  10. Electrode Potential
  11. Measurement of Electrode Potential
  12. Electrochemical Series
  13. Nernst Equation
  14. Cell EMF and Gibbs Energy

13. Chemical Kinetics

  1. Rate of a Chemical Reaction
  2. Factors Affecting Rate of a Reaction
  3. Rate Law
  4. Order of a Reaction
  5. First Order Reaction
  6. Half-Life Period
  7. Arrhenius Equation

14. Surface Chemistry

Adsorption

  1. Factors Affecting Adsorption
  2. Physical and Chemical Adsorption
  3. Adsorption Isotherms
  4. Freundlich Adsorption Isotherm
  5. Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm
  6. Applications of Adsorption

Catalysis

  1. Characteristics of a Catalyst
  2. Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis