Electricity & Magnetism
The basic concept of electrostatics and frictional electricity is described in this unit. This unit includes the electric field and electric potential due to a point charge; different types of capacitors, their combinations and applications; the electric current and thermal and magnetic effects of current; significance of magnetic effect of current and electromagnetic induction; generation and transmission of current power and the problems of low voltage and load shedding.
1. Electric Charge and Electric Field
- Electric Charges
- Coulomb’s Law
- Electric Field
- Electric Dipole
- Electric Field due to Dipole
- Electric Dipole in Uniform Field
- Electric Lines of Force
- Electric Flux and Gauss' Law
- Electric Field due to Point Charge
- Electric Field due to Long Line Charge
2. Electric Potential and Capacitors
- Electric Potential and Potential Difference
- Potential Due to Point Charge
- Potential Due to Electric Dipole
- Potential Energy of System of Point Charges
- Relation Between Electric Field and Potential
- Behavior of Conductors in Electric Field
- Capacitance
- Capacitance of Spherical Conductor
- Parallel Plate Capacitor
- Relative Permittivity or Dielectric Constant
- Grouping of Capacitors
- Energy Stored in Capacitor
- Dielectrics and Dielectric Polarization
3. Electric Current
- Electric Current
- Ohm’s Law
- Resistance and Resistivity
- Grouping of Resistors
- Types of Resistors
- Temperature Dependence of Resistance
- Electromotive Force (emf) and Potential Difference
- Kirchhoff’s Rules
- Wheatstone Bridge
- Potentiometer
- Comparison of EMFs of Two Cells
- Determination of Internal Resistance of Cell
- Drift Velocity of Electrons
- Power Consumed in an Electrical Circuit
4. Magnetism and Magnetic Effect of Electric Current
- Magnets and their Properties
- Magnetic Field Lines
- Biot-Savart’s Law
- Applications of Biot-Savart’s Law
- Ampere’s Circuital Law
- Applications of Ampere’s Circuital Law
- Force on Moving Charge in Magnetic Field
- Force on a Current Carrying Conductor in a Uniform Magnetic Field
- Force Between two Parallel Wires Carrying Current
- Motion of Charged Particle in Uniform Field
- Current Loop as a Dipole
- Torque on a Current Loop
- Galvanometer
- Ammeter
- Voltmeter
5. Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Current
- Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction
- Lenz’s Law
- Inductance
- Self Inductance
- LR Circuits
- Mutual Inductance
- Alternating Currents and Voltages
- AC Source Connected to a Resistor
- AC Source Connected to a Capacitor
- AC Source Connected to an Inductor
- Series LCR Circuit
- Power Generator
- A.C. Generator or Alternator
- Dynamo (DC Generator)
- Transformer
- Types of Transformers
- Efficiency of Transformers